Hyperlipidemia is a medical condition in which there are high levels of lipids, or fats, in the blood. Lipids include cholesterol and triglycerides. High levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other health problems.
Hyperlipidemia is a common condition that affects an estimated one in every three adults in the United States. It is more common in older adults and in people who are overweight or obese. Hyperlipidemia is also more common in people with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and kidney disease, and in people who have a family history of the condition.
Risk factors for hyperlipidemia include a diet high in saturated fat and cholesterol, being overweight or obese, having a sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and having high blood pressure.
Hyperlipidemia is typically diagnosed through a blood test called a lipid panel or lipid profile. This test measures the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.
Treatment for hyperlipidemia may involve lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, getting regular physical activity, and quitting smoking, as well as medications to lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The goal of treatment is to lower the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood to reduce the risk of heart disease and other health problems.
The optimal levels of cholesterol and triglycerides vary depending on the individual’s age, medical history, and other factors. Generally, the goal is to achieve the following levels:
- Total cholesterol: less than 200 mg/dL
- LDL (bad) cholesterol: less than 100 mg/dL
- HDL (good) cholesterol: greater than 40 mg/dL for men and greater than 50 mg/dL for women
- Triglycerides: less than 150 mg/dL
It is important to work with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate cholesterol and triglyceride goals for each individual.