Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a common condition that affects an estimated one in three adults in the United States. It is more common in older adults, but it can occur at any age. Hypertension is also more common in certain racial and ethnic groups, including African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans.
The prognosis for hypertension depends on the severity of the condition and how well it is managed. With proper treatment, most people with hypertension can achieve good blood pressure control and reduce their risk of complications, such as heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure. However, if hypertension is not properly managed, it can lead to serious complications and significantly increase the risk of premature death.
Blood pressure control is typically monitored through regular blood pressure readings, which can be taken at home or in a healthcare setting. Blood pressure readings measure the force of the blood flowing through the arteries and are expressed as two numbers, such as 120/80 mmHg. The top number, systolic blood pressure, measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart is contracting, while the bottom number, diastolic blood pressure, measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart is resting.
The optimal blood pressure control varies depending on the individual’s age, medical history, and other factors. Generally, the goal is to achieve a blood pressure reading below 140/90 mmHg. However, people with certain conditions, such as diabetes or kidney disease, may need to aim for a lower blood pressure target. It is important to work with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate blood pressure goal for each individual