Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. Symptoms can include fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation, dry skin, and depression. It can be diagnosed with a blood test measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) levels. A high TSH level and low T4 level are indicative of hypothyroidism. Other tests that may be ordered include a thyroid antibody test, to check for autoimmune disorders such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and a radioactive iodine uptake test, to evaluate thyroid function and detect any thyroid nodules. Hypothyroidism is relatively common, affecting about 4.6% of the US population. It is treated with synthetic thyroid hormone replacement therapy, which can be taken in the form of a pill. If left untreated, hypothyroidism can lead to anemia, heart disease, and cognitive impairment. Long-term treatment can prevent these complications.
See your doctor if you are concerned about your symptoms.