Statin therapy

Statin therapy is a cornerstone in the prevention and management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). By inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, statins lower LDL cholesterol, which significantly reduces the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. Their benefits are well-documented across primary and secondary prevention settings, with additional pleiotropic effects such as improving endothelial function and reducing inflammation. Statins are generally well-tolerated, though muscle symptoms and rare liver enzyme elevations can occur. Clinical guidelines recommend statins based on individual ASCVD risk, with high-intensity therapy for those at highest risk.

References:
Grundy, S. M., et al. (2019). 2018 AHA/ACC Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol. Circulation, 139(25), e1082–e1143. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000625
Collins, R., & Reith, C. (2016). Interpretation of the evidence for the efficacy and safety of statin therapy. The Lancet, 388(10059), 2532–2561. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31357-5

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